Berlin Candle to Candle Conversion

Comparison Chart of Berlin Candle to Candle units to understand their conversion accurately.


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Berlin Candle (Prussian Photometric Standard)

Introduction : The Berlin candle was a Prussian-era luminous intensity standard with an output close to 1.11 candela. It offered a more stable photometric reference compared to traditional candles, based on more precise flame control.

History & Origin : Developed in 19th-century Berlin for use in state laboratories and engineering standards, it was a regional solution before national and later international unification of light units like the Hefner and candela.

Current Use : Used primarily in official calibration settings and state-operated photometric labs. It became obsolete with the emergence of more reproducible flame-based units and ultimately the metric-based candela standard.

Candle (International Standard Candle)

Introduction : The international candle was a photometric unit of luminous intensity used before the candela. It represented the light emitted by a standard type of flame under specific conditions, typically a pure spermaceti candle burning at a fixed rate.

History & Origin : Established in the 19th century and internationally recognized in the early 20th century, the international candle served as a practical lighting reference. It was later replaced by the candela due to the need for a more precise and reproducible standard.

Current Use : Today, the international candle is primarily of historical interest. It once formed the foundation for calibrating photometric instruments and measuring lamp brightness, especially in early electric and flame-based lighting systems.

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References

• NIST (US Government)
• Encyclopaedia Britannica