Candle to Hefner Candle Conversion

Comparison Chart of Candle to Hefner Candle units to understand their conversion accurately.


Please enter the value below for converison from Candle to Hefner Candle units or vice versa.

Candle (International Standard Candle)

Introduction : The international candle was a photometric unit of luminous intensity used before the candela. It represented the light emitted by a standard type of flame under specific conditions, typically a pure spermaceti candle burning at a fixed rate.

History & Origin : Established in the 19th century and internationally recognized in the early 20th century, the international candle served as a practical lighting reference. It was later replaced by the candela due to the need for a more precise and reproducible standard.

Current Use : Today, the international candle is primarily of historical interest. It once formed the foundation for calibrating photometric instruments and measuring lamp brightness, especially in early electric and flame-based lighting systems.

Hefner Candle (German Flame Standard)

Introduction : The Hefner candle was a German unit of luminous intensity based on a specific type of amyl acetate lamp. Emitting around 0.903 candela, it was once widely used in Germany for lighting standards and photometric studies.

History & Origin : Developed in 1884 by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck, the Hefner candle provided a reproducible flame source with a defined luminous output. It served as the official photometric unit in Germany until the SI candela replaced it in the mid-20th century.

Current Use : Though obsolete today, the Hefner candle played a vital role in standardizing lighting measurements in German-speaking regions. It was commonly used in laboratory and industrial applications before international photometric standards were adopted.

Conversion of Candle to all other Units

Convert Candle to Other Units

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References

• NIST (US Government)
• Encyclopaedia Britannica