Violle to Hefner Candle Conversion

Comparison Chart of Violle to Hefner Candle units to understand their conversion accurately.


Please enter the value below for converison from Violle to Hefner Candle units or vice versa.

Violle (Platinum Standard Unit)

Introduction : The Violle unit was a high-intensity luminous standard based on a platinum source. Emitting about 20.17 candela, it aimed to offer a more stable and reproducible light reference before the candela was defined.

History & Origin : Proposed in 1884 by French physicist Jules Violle, the unit was based on the luminous intensity from a square centimeter of platinum at its melting point. Though precise, it was difficult to reproduce, limiting its adoption.

Current Use : Mainly used in academic settings and early photometric labs, the Violle unit represented the pursuit of precision in light measurement. It has since been entirely replaced by modern SI-based methods.

Hefner Candle (German Flame Standard)

Introduction : The Hefner candle was a German unit of luminous intensity based on a specific type of amyl acetate lamp. Emitting around 0.903 candela, it was once widely used in Germany for lighting standards and photometric studies.

History & Origin : Developed in 1884 by Friedrich von Hefner-Alteneck, the Hefner candle provided a reproducible flame source with a defined luminous output. It served as the official photometric unit in Germany until the SI candela replaced it in the mid-20th century.

Current Use : Though obsolete today, the Hefner candle played a vital role in standardizing lighting measurements in German-speaking regions. It was commonly used in laboratory and industrial applications before international photometric standards were adopted.

Conversion of Violle to all other Units

Convert Violle to Other Units

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References

• NIST (US Government)
• Encyclopaedia Britannica